quinta-feira, 17 de novembro de 2016

Glucidos-links

GLUCIDOS
Informaçao geral

Directorios

Textos

Nomenclatura


Informaçao especializada

Aldoses

Acidos uronicos

Amido
Amilose


Amilopectina
 the polymer starch, all curly

Amido resistente

Amilase

Amilopectina
Amylopektin Sessel.svg
Texto e vídeo

Amilose
Texto e vídeo

Arabinose

Celobiose
Cellobiose

Celulose

Cetoses
Texto e vídeo
ComplexitySimple Carbohydrates
monosaccharides
Complex Carbohydrates
disaccharides, oligosaccharides
& polysaccharides
SizeTetrose
C4 sugars
Pentose
C5 sugars
Hexose
C6 sugars
Heptose
C7 sugars

etc.
C=O FunctionAldose
sugars having an aldehyde function or an acetal equivalent.
Ketose
sugars having a ketone function or an acetal equivalent.
ReactivityReducing
sugars oxidized by Tollens' reagent (or Benedict's or Fehling's reagents).
Non-reducing
sugars not oxidized by Tollens' or other reagents.


Ciclo dos Cori
Cori cycle

Ciclo de Felig

Ciclo do glioxilato

Ciclo deKrebs
File:Citric acid cycle with aconitate 2.svg

Ciclo das pentoses

Ciclo de Rapoport- Luebring
Desoxiribose
Struktur von Desoxyribose

Dextrina

Skeletal formula of dihydroxyacetone


Disacaridos

Disaccharide
Unit 1
Unit 2
Bond
Sucrose (table sugar, cane sugar, beet sugar, or saccharose)
α(1→2)β
Fructose
β(1→4)
Lactose (milk sugar)
Galactose
Glucose
β(1→4)
Maltose (malt sugar)
Glucose
Glucose
α(1→4)
Glucose
Glucose
α(1→1)α
Glucose
Glucose
β(1→4)
Glucosamine
β(1→4)

Eritrose

Fermentaçoes
File:Ethanol fermentation-1.svg

Fotosintese


Frutose
β-D-Fructose structure


Fucose
Biosynthesis of GDP-fucose. In mammalian cells, GDP-fucose is synthesized by two distinct pathways. The de novo pathway is characterized by conversion of GDP-mannose to GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose by GMD. This keto intermediate is then converted to GDP-fucose by an epimerase/reductase known as the FX protein. An alternative salvage pathway can yield GDP-fucose derived directly from fucose. The salvage pathway utilizes fucose that is transported into the cytosol from an extracellular origin or fucose that is liberated from catabolism of fucosylated glycans in the lysosome and then transported into the cytosol. The salvage pathway is enabled by fucose kinase and GDP-fucose pyrophosphorylase, with fucose-1-phosphate is the metabolic intermediate. GDP-fucose synthesized by these pathways is then transported into the lumen of the Golgi apparatus where it becomes available to the catalytic domains of fucosyltransferases that also localize to this membrane-delimited compartment within the secretory pathway.
Structures of common fucosylated glycans. (A) Synthesis of ABO blood group antigens. The H and Se transferases are a pair of α(1,2)-fucosyltransferases that synthesize the H antigen in a variety of tissues. The ABO locus encodes a glycosyltransferase that further modifies the H antigen. The A allele at the ABO locus encodes an N-acteylgalactosaminyltransferase. The B allele encodes a galactosyltransferase that differs from the A transferase at four amino acid positions. The O allele at the ABO locus encodes a truncated, enzymatically inactive protein. (B) Lewis-related antigens. Circles indicate the immunodominant portion of each antigen. (C) A representative O-linked fucose glycan. Fucose modifies serines or threonine within the broad consensus site shown here, and in Table I. R indicates glycolipid and N- and O-linked glycoprotein precursors.


Furanose


Galactose
Beta-D-Galactopyranose.svg

Genciobiose
Gentiobiose

Gliceraldeido
D-glyceraldehyde

Glicogenese
Glycogenesis.png
Glycogenesis


Glicogenio


Glicogenolise
File:Glycogen.png
Figure 2. Enzyme reactions involved in glycogenolysis and glycogenesis and their regulation (Click for enlarged view and see text for details).

Glicolipidos
Glycolipid


Glicolise
A summary pathway diagram of glycolysis, showing the multi-step conversion of glucose to pyruvate. Each step in the pathway is catalysed by a unique enzyme.

Animaçao

Glicoproteinas
Video


Glicosaminoglicanas
FIGURE 16.1. The large cartilage CS proteoglycan (aggrecan) forms an aggregate with hyaluronan and link protein (see Chapter 15).

Gulose
Gulose

Heparina



Inulina
Inulin strukturformel.png

Isomaltose
Isomaltose structure.svg


Lactitol
Chemical structure of lactitol


Lactose
Beta-D-Lactose.svg

Lactulose
Lactulose structure.svg


Maltitol
Chemical structure of maltitol
sugar-and-maltitol-chemical-structure


Maltose
α-Maltose
vídeo

Melibiose
Melibiose structure.svg


Metabolismo dos glúcidos


Mucopolisacaridos
Glycosaminoglycans



Mutarotaçao
Α- and β-D-glucopyranose.svg
Optical Isomers

Neoglicogenese
Octose

Oligosacaridos
Structure of Carbohydrates

Oses

Pentoses

Piranose
Tetrahydropyran
Video


Piruvato


Poliois

Poliosidos
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Rafinose
Raffinose.svg

Ramnose
Alpha-L-Rhamnopyranose.svg

Ribose

Ribulose
D-Ribulose.svg

Sacarose
Skeletal formula of sucrose


Sedoheptulose
Sedoheptulose.svg

Sorbose
L-sorbose Fischer.png

Tagatose
Tagatose.png

Trealose
Trehalose.svg

Treose
D-threose.svg

Triholosidos


Xilitol
Xylitol

Xilose

Xilulose
L-xylulose.png








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